Monday, February 11, 2013

Amy Winehouse's Legacy

Mitch Winehouse may have lost his daughter Amy to addiction, but as he tells The Fix, he's doing his best to prevent similar tragedies in other families.

Mitch and Amy Winehouse Photo via
On July 23, 2011, the music world—and beyond—was dealt a crushing blow when Amy Winehouse died from alcohol poisoning after binge drinking. But while fans were mourning, Amy’s father Mitch immediately sprang into action by starting the Amy Winehouse Foundation, an organization designed to prevent the effects of drug and alcohol misuse on young people in the UK. The foundation has crossed over into the US and now offers music scholarships for disadvantaged youth; it will also hold the first annual Amy Winehouse Foundation Inspiration Awards and Gala on March 21 in NYC, where Tony Bennett will serve as the honoree and Jennifer Hudson and Nas will perform. 
Mitch has also released the memoir Amy, My Daughter and is carrying on her musical legacy with his own album, "Rush of Love"—with the proceeds from both ventures going directly to the foundation. In an exclusive interview with The Fix, Mitch speaks about the accomplishments of the foundation, parenting a child who’s addicted and the importance of early intervention.
How did the Amy Winehouse Foundation first come about? 
I was in a hotel room in New York when I first got the news that Amy passed away and one of the first things that entered my head was “Foundation, foundation, foundation.” But I had no experience with this and when we started to create it, we realized you can’t just start one up. It was a steep learning curve and continues to be.
We launched in the UK in September 2011, but we’re really just starting here in the US. In the UK, we’re helping a number of grantees and have joined up with a homeless charity called New Horizon that feeds hot meals to 60 young people a day. We’re also working on creating drug and alcohol education projects and, starting in April, we’ll go into 45 schools and speak with the kids.
Nobody chooses to be an addict. Amy didn’t choose to be an addict.
What is the foundation hoping to accomplish?
Our mission is to help disadvantaged young people so we’re looking to do that in all forms. In the US, we’ll have a slightly different aim and focus more on providing music scholarships. We just donated $25,000 to the Brooklyn Conservatory of Music. Amy was half-American and her mom was born in Brooklyn, so it made sense for one of our first US grants to be given out here.
But in the UK, there is no drug education in schools whatsoever. And what about the kids who suffer from self-esteem issues? What do they do when they’re being pressured to drink or do drugs by their peers? What if they’re being bullied or bullying themselves? It’s an issue that goes beyond drugs and alcohol and there are enough people working in recovery in Britain who could be of assistance with this. The service that we’re providing is completely unique to the UK.  
Did Amy have issues with drugs as a child or did those develop in adulthood?
To be honest, that all happened so long ago that I don’t want to look back on it. She dealt with her drug problems successfully and was clean for the last three years of her life. What she was suffering from was alcohol addiction. And she really was just one step away from winning that battle, but it wasn’t meant to be. 
Having a child who’s an addict can’t be easy.
It’s the most difficult thing that you can imagine. If you talk to three clinical psychologists, they’ll give you three different answers about the best approach. Some say hard love, others say soft love, another says tough love. And when people are in the midst of an addiction, they find it difficult to relate to their families and often separate themselves completely. Luckily, Amy didn’t do that with us. You just have to let them know you love them and care about them.
It’s such a difficult situation for families both in the UK and the US, though, because, unless you have the resources to send your child to private treatment, it’s a three-year waiting list. And we did have the means to send Amy to all these different places, but so many people don’t.  
In your memoir, you talked about needing a holiday from her. A lot of parents of addicts often feel guilty admitting that it can be exhausting. 
It’s exhaustion, it’s boring and it’s repetitious. I really wanted that to come across in the book. One day she’s clean and hasn’t done any drugs, the next day she’s using again. It would get better and then we’d be back to square one. It was important for me to try and convey that feeling of helplessness and boredom. 
Did you reach out to any support groups? 
There are a few voluntary organizations in the UK with a family focus, so I did attend those. And what I found is that most parents are in the same boat. They think they’re on their own and genuinely don’t know what to do because if you can’t afford treatment, you pretty much are left on your own to figure it out.
What message do you hope to convey with the foundation and your work in addressing addiction? 
Nobody chooses to be an addict. Amy didn’t choose to be an addict. 100 percent of people suffering from addiction didn’t imagine it would end up this way. It’s an illness and should be treated as such. If someone has appendicitis in the US and they don’t have private insurance, they’ll still get an operation and the hospital will pick up the bill. The same principle should apply with treating addiction. 
I also want to stress the importance of early intervention in school education programs, as well as reintegration into society once addiction has happened. Instead of being a burden on society, addicts should be allowed to earn their own money and rejoin the community. It’s not rocket science.  
McCarton Ackerman is a freelance writer currently residing in Brooklyn. His work has appeared in Time Out New YorkThe Huffington Post, abcnews.com and usopen.org, among others. He has also written about CarrĂ© Otis and Celebrity Rehab, among many other topics, for The Fix.

Saturday, February 9, 2013

"Wet" and Wild: PCP's Horror Show | The Fix

"Wet" and Wild: PCP's Horror Show | The Fix

Fewer Teens Receiving Substance Abuse Prevention Messages From Media

The percentage of teenagers who receive substanced abuse prevention messages from the media in the past year dropped from 83.2 percent in 2002, to 75.1 percent in 2011, according to a new government report.
Teens also received fewer school-based prevention messages, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) found. Such messages reached 78.8 percent of teens in 2002, and 74.5 percent in 2011. An estimated 40 percent of teens did not talk with their parents in the past year about the dangers of substance abuse, Newswise reports.
A recent SAMHSA report found teen attitudes about the risk of substances such as alcohol and marijuana have changed in recent years. From 2002 to 2011, the percentage of teens who perceived great risk from heavy drinking increased from 38.2 percent to 40.7 percent. During that same time, there was a drop in binge drinking among teens, from 10.7 percent to 7.4 percent.
The report found the percentage of teens who perceived great risk from marijuana use once or twice a week dropped, from 54.6 percent in 2007, to 44.8 percent in 2011. Teens’ rate of past-month marijuana use increased during that time, from 6.7 percent to 7.9 percent.
“To prevent substance abuse among our adolescents, our young people have to know the facts about the real risks of substance abuse, and we’re not doing a very good job of that right now,” SAMHSA Administrator Pamela S. Hyde said in a news release. “It is time for all of us – the public health community, parents, teachers, caregivers, and peers – to double our efforts in educating our youth about substance use and engaging them in meaningful conversations about these issues, so that they can make safe and healthy decisions when offered alcohol or drugs.”

Relatives of Painkiller Overdose Patients Speak at FDA Hearing

Relatives of patients who overdosed on painkillers told federal regulators Thursday they want changes on the labels of narcotic painkillers, The Wall Street Journal reports. Pain patients concerned such action could limit their access to the medications spoke against the proposed changes.
They spoke at a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hearing on the use of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain. The FDA said it wants to gather scientific evidence on issues including diagnosis and understanding of patient pain, understanding and adhering to the labels of pain-treating products, limiting opioid prescriptions and use, and abuse and misuse of opioid medicines.
The FDA is considering a petition by Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing, a group of doctors and pain specialists, to include a recommended upper daily dose on the medications’ label, and to limit opioid treatment to 90 days, the article notes. The doctors’ group is also recommending that opioids be indicated for severe pain, not moderate pain, except in cancer patients.
Last month, a FDA advisory panel voted to strengthen restrictions on hydrocodone combination drugs, such as Vicodin. The panel recommended the FDA make the drugs more difficult to prescribe. If the FDA accepts the panel’s recommendation, it will be sent to the Department of Health and Human Services, which will make the final decision.

Illegal Street Sales of Take-Home Doses of Methadone on the Rise

Illegal street sales of take-home doses of liquid methadone, prescribed to treat opioid addiction, are on the rise, according to law enforcement officials in Indiana, Kentucky, Virginia and West Virginia.
The diverted methadone has been tracked to clinics operated by CRC Health Corp., the article notes. CRC, owned by Bain Capital Partners, is the largest U.S. provider of methadone treatment, according to Bloomberg. Last year it operated 57 clinics in 15 states, Bloomberg reports.
Former employees say the company’s clinics are chronically understaffed, which makes it easier for take-home methadone to be abused. Former counselors say their heavy workload did not allow them to adequately counsel patients.
The clinics provide take-home packages, some with just one dose, and others containing as many as 30 doses. Police and prosecutors say in the small towns where the company has clinics, methadone has surfaced in criminal cases.
CRC Chief Executive Officer R. Andrew Eckert said take-home dosing can help keep patients on methadone, and off illegal drugs, by not making them come to the clinic every day for treatment. “Our mission is to help these individuals, but sadly, we cannot report 100 percent success,” he said. “No treatment provider can.”
Philip Herschman, Chief Clinical Officer of CRC, told Bloomberg the company follows specific and rigid state and federal rules when it decides which patients may obtain take-home doses. The company conducts spot-checks, in which it calls back patients to clinics, to account for their take-home bottles, he said. If a patient tests positive for any illicit substances, take-home doses are suspended immediately, he added.
State regulatory records show this is not always true. The records also indicate CRC’s clinics have not met staffing standards on more than 50 occasions.

Commentary: Hazelden Responds to America’s Opioid Epidemic

Too many people are hooked. Too many are dying. The problem is too big to ignore.
Over the past decade, America has experienced a rampant rise in the number of people addicted to prescription painkillers, heroin and other opioids. We truly face an epidemic.
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the death toll from prescription painkillers has increased from 3,000 overdose deaths in 1999 to 15,500 in 2009. The CDC also reported almost 500,000 opioid-related emergency room visits in 2009, and found that about 12 million Americans reported nonmedical use of prescription opioids in 2010.
At Hazelden, we are on the front line of this crisis, which is hitting youth particularly hard. At our youth facility in Plymouth, Minn., opioid addiction increased from 15 percent of patients in 2001 to 41 percent in 2011.
The problem deserves a vigorous response. That’s why Hazelden has introduced a new treatment protocol specifically for opioid-dependent patients.
The new protocol builds on our traditional care in two ways: by weaving the specific features and challenges of opioid addiction into all aspects of treatment, and by incorporating certain medications. We now assess opioid-dependent patients to determine the need for medication assistance. Some patients get none, particularly those who refuse it or whose addiction is less severe. Some receive buprenorphine/naloxone. Others utilize extended-release naltrexone. In all cases, medication is adjunct to, and never a substitute for, our usual evidence-based approach, which includes: psychological and psychiatric care; Twelve Step-based individual and group therapy; lectures; and a focus on peer, family and recovery community support for additional structure and accountability. All of those care components, in turn, now have an opioid emphasis. For example, we provide opioid-specific groups, lectures and individual therapy to our opioid-dependent patients.
Buprenorphine — an opioid itself — is a partial agonist, meaning its effect is significantly less than the full agonists to which so many are addicted, such as morphine, Vicodin® and heroin. It’s a safe and proven means of helping people recover from their opioid of choice on the way to complete abstinence. Taken daily, buprenorphine inhibits craving, improves treatment retention, reduces relapse and improves support group attendance. Naltrexone, our other available medication, is an opioid antagonist. Injected once a month, it blocks the brain’s opioid receptors, eliminating the ability for opioids to produce intoxication or reward.
The adjunctive medication assistance helps address this population’s hypersensitivity to physical and psychic pain, which puts them at higher risk of leaving treatment early, relapsing and accidentally overdosing. While abstinence remains the ultimate goal, medication helps to ensure patients stay in treatment long enough to acquire new information, establish new relationships and become solidly involved in recovery.
Research shows medication-assisted treatment is both effective and safe. As such, it has been endorsed by health regulators and policy advocates throughout America. In our view, medication taken to treat the disease of addiction is not unlike pain medication given to post-surgery patients: if used as directed, under the care of a physician and not as a means of intoxication, it greatly assists in recovery.
One of Hazelden’s values is to “remain open to innovation.” Another is to “continue a commitment to Twelve Step fellowship.” This new program reflects those values and, as a response to the opioid epidemic, offers additional hope, healing and health to those who need it.
Marvin D. Seppala, MD
Marvin D. Seppala, MD, is Chief Medical Officer at Hazelden, and an adjunct Assistant Professor at the Hazelden Graduate School of Addiction Studies. His responsibilities include overseeing all interdisciplinary clinical practices at Hazelden, maintaining and improving standards, and supporting growth strategies for Hazelden’s residential and nonresidential addiction treatment programs. Dr. Seppala obtained his M.D. at Mayo Medical School in Rochester, Minnesota, and served his residency in psychiatry and a fellowship in addiction at University of Minnesota Hospitals in Minneapolis. He is author of Clinician’s Guide to the Twelve Step Principles, and Prescription Painkillers: History, Pharmacology and Treatment, and a co-author of When Painkillers Become Dangerous, and Pain-Free Living for Drug-Free People.